Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6).aP < 0.05 and bP < 0.01 when compared with STZ control group; cP < 0.05 and dP < 0.01 when compared with normal
control group.
In
insulin-deficient diabetes, the concentration of serum fatty acids is elevated
as a result of free fatty acid out flow from fat depots, wherever the balance
of the free fatty acid esterification-TG lipolysis cycle is displaced in favour
of lipolysis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an
antiatherogenic lipoprotein. It transports cholesterol from peripheral tissues
into the liver and thereby acts as a protective factor against coronary
cardiovascular disease. The amount of HDLC, which increased after MEAE
administration, may be due to the increase in the activity of lecithin
cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), which can contribute to the regulation of
blood lipids [25]. Oral administration of MEAE reduced the elevated serum
lipids such as TC, LDLC, and TGs toward normal in diabetic rats. Elevation of
serum biomarker enzymes such as SGOT, SGPT, and SALP was observed in diabetic
rats indicating impaired liver function, which was obviously due to
hepatocellular necrosis. It has been reported that liver necrosis occurred in
STZ-induced diabetic rats [26]. Therefore, increase in the activities of AST,
ALT, and ALP gives an indication on the hepatotoxic effect of STZ. Twenty-one
days of treatment with MEAE restored all the above-mentioned serum hepatic
biochemical parameters toward the normal values in a dose-dependent manner,
thereby alleviating liver injury caused by STZ-induced diabetes.
CONCLUSION
In this study,
administration of MEAE to STZ-induced hyperglycaemic
rats incontestable distinguished reduction in blood glucose level,
standardization of serum biochemical profiles including lipid contents,
comparing to STZ control rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that the MEAE is
remarkably effective against STZ-induced diabetes in Wistar rats thereby
validating its ethnomedicinal usage. From the ascertained oral hypoglycemic
activity of MEAE in STZ-induced diabetic rats, it can be further inferred that Andrographis
echioideswill
function a motivating candidate in complementary and alternative medicine for
the effective management of diabetes.
CONFLICT
OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is no
conflict of interest.
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